42 is a private, nonprofit and tuition-free computer programming school created and funded by French billionaire Xavier Niel (Founder of the telecommunication company Illiad) with several partners including Nicolas Sadirac (previous director-general of the Epitech school in France), Kwame Yamgnane and Florian Bucher (former executives of Epitech). The school was first opened in Paris in 2013.
Out of more than 70,000 candidates in France, 3,000 were selected to complete a four-week intensive computer programming bootcamp called piscine (swimming-pool). Any person between 18 and 30 can be registered for piscine after completing the logical reasoning tests on the website.
The school does not have any professors, does not issue any diploma or degree, and is open 24/7. The training is inspired by new modern ways to teach which include peer-to-peer pedagogy and project-based learning. The School has been endorsed by many high-profile people in Silicon Valley including Evan Spiegel the co-founder and CEO of Snapchat, Keyvon Beykpour the co-founder and CEO of Periscope, Stewart Butterfield the co-founder and CEO of Slack, Brian Chesky the co-founder and CEO of Airbnb, Tony Fadell the founder and CEO of Nest Labs, Jack Dorsey the co-Founder and CEO of Twitter, Paul Graham, venture capitalist and co-Founder of Y Combinator.
The school is a non-profit organization and is entirely free, being funded by billionaire Xavier Niel with hundreds of millions of dollars. All the intellectual property belongs to the students. 42 Silicon Valley is the American campus of 42 chartered as a public-benefit nonprofit corporation in the State of California and has been created and funded by the same team from France, in addition to a new partner, the chief operating officer of the American school and former 42 Paris student Brittany Bir. 42 Silicon Valley opened in summer 2016 in Fremont, California in the San Francisco Bay Area.
42's name is a reference to the science fiction book The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy written by British author Douglas Adams: in the book 42 is the Answer to the Ultimate Question of Life, the Universe, and Everything.
In addition to the two official campuses in Paris, France and Fremont, California, the school model was adopted in Romania, South Africa, Ukraine, Bulgaria and Belgium with the help and support of 42.
Video 42 (school)
History
Announced on March 26, 2013, 42 opened its doors on July 15, 2013 for the selection phase called La Piscine (the swimming-pool).
Students who passed the first 'Piscines' started training in November 2013.
In an Editorial, Xavier Niel introduced 42, linking the need for it to the state of the French Education.
"Today, the French system doesn't work. It is stuck between the first place University, which provides training that is not fitting with what the business world needs but is free and accessible to the largest number. Public universities on the other hand are highly selective and admit only people with scientific or techno-logic training/experience and finally Private universities are expensive and have a qualitative formation but do not encourage a number of different talents."
On May 17, 2016 42 announced they will open a second campus in Fremont, California. The first selection phase (The "Piscine") will start on July 11, 2016.
Students who passed the first 'Piscines' started training in November 2016.
Maps 42 (school)
Campus and Cost
Fremont Campus, USA
42 Silicon Valley is located at 6600 Dumbarton Circle, in Fremont, California. The building was acquired from a University. The campus is approximately 200,000 sq ft.
This campus has 300 spaces in the dormitories (titled "Nostromo Dorms," located at 34793 Ardentech Court, Fremont, CA 94555) which are completely free of cost. Like the Paris campus, 42 Silicon Valley was designed by AR architectures.
Paris Campus, France
42 France is located at 96 Boulevard Bessières, in the 17th arrondissement of Paris. The building was acquired from the State in 2011 for 12.6 million euros. The building extends over an area of 4242 square meters. Pictures of the school architecture are visible on the official website. 42 was designed by IN&EDIT Architecture agency.
Cost
There are no tuition fees for the entirety of the program. All the running costs for the 10 first years have been personally funded by Xavier Niel a French entrepreneur and philanthropist who founded the French company Iliad. The 42 Silicon Valley campus also has free dorms for those who are the most in need.
Application and Admission
The candidates must be between 18 and 30 years of age. No previous diploma is required.
The selection process begins by taking a few online memory and logic tests, which are intended to evaluate an individual's capacity to learn computer programming.
After this there is a second selection which is called the "Piscine" which is an intensive programming session in C programming language which takes place over a period of 4 weeks.
Tuition Style
42 does not have lectures or practical work supervised by teachers. Students carry out projects proposed by the pedagogic team, and are free to organise their own time.
The schools are open 24/7. Students help each other and use the Internet for their projects.
Students have no time limits in which to complete their projects. They validate the projects by correcting each other's work. Validation of a project increases the level of the students, allowing them to unlock new and more difficult challenges.
During their time at the school, students have to undertake internships. To qualify for an internship a student must have validated a certain number of projects and passed five exams.
Many entrepreneurs hold conferences at the school. 42 school has also forged partnerships with other schools (business schools, design schools etc.) and the hackathon organisation. Students are able to participate in partnership activities if they wish to.
Academics
After the "Piscine", training lasts at least three years, and covers the different I.T. jobs linked to development.
The beginning of the program is mainly focused on the Unix development environment with the C-language. These software developments are planned through 40 projects such as the implementation of a basic First-person shooter engine, an engine for an online game and a 3D rendering engine (rasterizer) by ray tracing.
After that there are a lot of other languages students will see like PHP, C++, OCAML and many others. Some projects can also have free language choice.
According to a promotional document about the school program, learning software development is planned through the realization of an arcade game, artificial intelligence or a computer virus.
42 students and people from everywhere in the world can create a new project if they want.
Endorsement
Endorsement in the video for the introduction of the 42 Silicon Valley campus in Fremont, California:
- Evan Spiegel - Co-founder and CEO at Snapchat
- Leila Janah - Co-founder and CEO at Sama
- Keyvon Beykpour - Co-founder and CEO at Periscope
- Matt Cohler & Peter Fenton - General partner at Benchmark
- David Marcus - VP of messaging products at Facebook
- Blake Masters - President of the Thiel Foundation
- Alexa Scordato - Director of product marketing at Stack Overflow
- Stewart Butterfield - Co-founder and CEO at Slack
- Loic le Meur - Creator of Leade.rs
- Karlie Kloss - Founder of Kode with Klossy
- Tony Fadell - Founder of Nest
- Paul Graham - Founder of YCombinator
Personalities who came at a 42 Campus for a conference or a visit:
- The French President Emmanuel Macron
- The American ambassador in France Charles Rivkin
- The former French President Francois Hollande
- Ministers from French Government : Myriam El-Khomri, Najat Vallaud-Belkacem, Laurent Fabius, Alain Juppé, Thierry Mandon and Patrick Kanner
- The mayor of Paris Anne Hildalgo
- Minister from Luxembourg Government : Nicolas Schmit
- Tony Fadell - Founder of Nest
- Charles F. Bolden - NASA administrator
- Richard Stallman - Creator of the free software movement
- Chris Cox - CPO at Facebook
Other schools
Other schools stress educational methodologies such as peer-learning, whereby students are encouraged to assist one-another and self-organize, and project-based learning which favors longer-term, open-ended assignments.
WeThinkCode (South Africa - created in 2016): WeThinkCode is a new kind of tech incubator dedicated to eliminate the IT skills gap. WeThinkCode's mission is to source and train Africa's future coding talent. Based on the 42 school programs.
ACADEMY+PLUS (Romania - created in 2014): ACADEMY + PLUS has a completely innovative approach on education: working on projects, peer-learning, the results are measurable, it is practically encourage teamwork. a two-year program. The curriculum structure and payment model largely resemble Make university's. Based on the 42 school programs.
ACADEMY+MOLDOVA (Moldova - created in 2016): Academy+Moldova is an alternative and free IT school, launched by Foundation IT Moldova in partnership with the Academy+Plus Cluj-Napoca and Ecole 42 Paris.
Holberton School (San Francisco, USA - created in 2015): Holberton School offers a two-year higher education program to become a full-stack software engineer. Through project-based and peer learning, Holberton students unleash their creativity and learn how to naturally work as a team to solve practical challenges.
UNIT Factory (Kyiv, Ukraine - created in 2016): UNIT Factory is an innovative institution which was created as a joint project of Vasily Khmelnytsky's fund entitled as "K.Fund" and 42 (school) which is supported by public institution "Osvitoriya". UNIT Factory uses an innovative Peer-to-Peer (P2P) approach of learning which has proven its efficiency in the 42 (school). This approach gives students an opportunity to reveal their creativity while working on different specialized projects. The training program is based on gamification whereas by acquiring skills students polish their levels respectively to their current attainments and knowledge they gain.
TUMO
(Yerevan, Armenia - created in 2011): TUMO is a free of charge digital media learning center. Students at Tumo advance through the center's learning program based on their individual preferences and at their own pace. Within that flexible framework, they work towards very specific learning targets organized around four focus areas: animation, game development, web development, and digital media. "Tumo" members are initially encouraged to get exposure to all four of Tumo's focus areas. As they progress through the curriculum, completing a succession of increasingly challenging projects, members begin to concentrate on one of the four areas and work towards completion of a final project at the end of a two-year cycle. In addition to instruction in its main focus areas, the Tumo curriculum covers a set of supporting technical, artistic and professional skills. These include computer programming, 3D modeling, 2D graphics, drawing, music, writing, online literacy and communication.
References
External links
- Official website
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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